For the long narrow fuselage and the characteristic high-pitched engine sound, this aircraft was popularly dubbed "The Stylyaga" and "The Whistle". The country's leadership flew on this liner. He was filmed several times in the cinema, for example, he took the main character of the film E. Ryazanov "The Irony of Fate, or With a light ferry" from Moscow to Leningrad.
The Tu-134 is one of the most massive domestic passenger aircraft. It became a whole epoch both in domestic aviation and in the engineering thought of Soviet aircraft designers.
Work on the creation of a new short-haul aircraft was carried out by the Tupolev Design Bureau together with TsAGI from 1961 to 1963. Designers and scientists faced a number of tasks, the main one among them was the transfer of the power plant to the rear of the fuselage. This made it possible, first of all, to improve comfort by reducing the noise level in the cabin, and also increased a number of aerodynamic characteristics. Other distinctive features of the new car were the T-shaped tail and the placement of fuel in the caisson tanks on the wing. On this aircraft, A.N. Tupolev used the power steering for the first time, replacing the cable wiring with it.
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| Studies of the aerodynamic characteristics of the Tu-134 in the T-106 wind tunnel. |
| Source: TSAGI |
The first flight of the Tu-134 took place on July 29, 1963. And already in 1966, its serial production began. The aircraft was produced in various modifications: passenger, special purpose vehicles, flying laboratories, and was also used in Air Force schools. In total, more than 850 cars were produced until 1989. It was actively exported to the countries of the socialist camp. In addition, the Tu-134 and all its modifications were the first in the domestic aircraft industry to receive international certification.
The Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky (part of the SIC "Institute named after N.E. Zhukovsky") was founded on December 1, 1918. Today TsAGI is the largest state scientific center of the aviation and rocket and space industry of the Russian Federation, where the most complex fundamental and applied problems in the fields of aero– and hydrodynamics, aeroacoustics, flight dynamics and structural strength of aircraft, as well as industrial aerodynamics are successfully solved. The Institute has a unique experimental base that meets the highest international requirements. TsAGI carries out state expertise of all aircraft developed in the Russian Design Bureau, and gives a final conclusion on the possibility and safety of the first flight. TsAGI participates in the formation of state programs for the development of aviation technology, as well as in the creation of airworthiness standards and regulatory state documents. The National Research Center "Zhukovsky Institute" (hereinafter referred to as the Center) was established in accordance with Federal Law No. 326–FZ of November 4, 2014, adopted pursuant to the instruction of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin of September 15, 2011 No. VP-P7-6543, for the organization and implementation of scientific research, development of new technologies in priority areas of aviation technology development, accelerated introduction of scientific developments into production and the use of scientific achievements in the interests of the domestic economy.
The Center exercises, on behalf of the Russian Federation, the powers of the founder and owner of the property of organizations in accordance with the list approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2489-r of December 4, 2015, in the manner and scope of powers established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
The structure of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "SIC "Institute named after N.E. Zhukovsky" includes the following enterprises:
FAA "TsAGI" (Zhukovsky, Moscow region); FAA "CIAM named after P.I. Baranov" (Moscow); FAA "GosNIIAS" (Moscow); FAA "SibNIA named after S.A. Chaplygin" (Novosibirsk); FKP "GkNIPAS" (Belozersky settlement, Moscow region). MOSCOW, TSAGI Press Release
