The National Interest tried to figure out which tank is better:T-90, Type 99 or Abrams M1.
The National Interest magazine wondered if the newest Chinese Type 99 tank is the best on the planet? And for this, he compared it with the Russian T-90 and the American Abrams M1.
The T-90 tank relies on the Shtora electronic-optical active protection system, which not only silences laser guidance systems with its own emitters, but also uses aerosol grenades to create a cloud around the car that does not pass laser beams.
The American M1A2 boasts excellent Chobham composite armor, which has been upgraded over the years. The advantage of Abrams is also the presence of a separate compartment for ammunition, which reduces the likelihood of their detonation when they come under enemy fire.
It is believed that the combination of composite and modular armor on the Type 99 provides armor protection close to or equivalent to Abrams.
The Type 99 is by far the most agile of all three tanks, it is capable of speeds up to 80 kilometers per hour on the roads. M1 Abrams and T-90MS used by India are lagging behind in this indicator - their speed on the highway is about 70 km/h.
At the same time, the M1A2 can travel only 386 kilometers without refueling, while the Type 99 and T-90 have a power reserve of more than 480 kilometers.In addition, the large mass of the M1 makes it the heaviest, which creates difficulties during transportation and deployment.
And a final note: The Type 99 is equipped with new digital maintenance systems similar to those used in the latest M1 Abrams upgrade.
Overall, though, the Abrams probably retains the best firepower of the three, the Type 99 is most likely better protected thanks to its multi-layered defensive systems. In addition, it is faster and has a longer firing range.
The T-90A is generally inferior to the other two, but the T-90MS, with its Relict armor, improved sighting devices and more powerful engines, can hold its ground.
However, it should be remembered that the real characteristics of the Type 99 armor, cannon and electronic systems are not disclosed, especially because the machine was not exported, while the M1 and T-90 are operated not only in Russia and the USA. Beijing prefers to keep its technology a secret.
Most of the available data indicates that, despite the hordes of obsolete Type 59, China is able to develop and put into service a first-class main battle tank.
Oleg Koryakin